The command interpreter for DOS runs when no application programs are running.
APPEND
Allows programs to open data files in specified directories as if they were in the current directory.
APPEND [[drive:]path[;...]] [/X[:ON | :OFF]] [/PATH:ON | /PATH:OFF] [/E]
APPEND ;
[drive:]path Specifies a drive and directory to append.
/X:ON Applies appended directories to file searches and
application execution.
/X:OFF Applies appended directories only to requests to open files.
/X:OFF is the default setting.
/PATH:ON Applies appended directories to file requests that already
specify a path. /PATH:ON is the default setting.
/PATH:OFF Turns off the effect of /PATH:ON.
/E Stores a copy of the appended directory list in an environment
variable named APPEND. /E may be used only the first time
you use APPEND after starting your system.
Type APPEND ; to clear the appended directory list.
Type APPEND without parameters to display the appended directory list.
ASSIGN
External - DOS 2.0 and above
Redirects requests for disk operations on one drive to a different drive.
ASSIGN [x[:]=y[:][...]]
ASSIGN /STATUS
x Specifies the drive letter to reassign.
y Specifies the drive that x: will be assigned to.
/STATUS Displays current drive assignments.
Type ASSIGN without parameters to reset all drive letters to original
assignments.
ATTRIB
External - DOS 3.0 and above
Displays or changes file attributes.
ATTRIB [+R | -R] [+A | -A] [+S | -S] [+H | -H] [[drive:][path]filename] [/S]
+ Sets an attribute.
- Clears an attribute.
R Read-only file attribute.
A Archive file attribute.
S System file attribute.
H Hidden file attribute.
/S Processes files in all directories in the specified path.
+S, -S, +H, and -H are available in DOS 5.0 and above.
BACKUP
External - DOS 2.0 and above
Backs up one or more files from one disk to another.
BACKUP source destination-drive: [/S] [/M] [/A] [/F[:size]]
[/D:date[/T:time]] [/L[:[drive:][path]logfile]]
source Specifies the file(s), drive, or directory to back up.
destination-drive: Specifies the drive to save backup copies onto.
/S Backs up contents of subdirectories.
/M Backs up only files that have changed since the last
backup.
/A Adds backup files to an existing backup disk.
/F:[size] Specifies the size of the disk to be formatted.
/D:date Backs up only files changed on or after the specified
date.
/T:time Backs up only files changed at or after the specified
time.
/L[:[drive:][path]logfile]
Creates a log file and entry to record the backup
operation.
BREAK
Internal - DOS 2.0 and above
Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking.
BREAK [ON | OFF]
Type BREAK without a parameter to display the current BREAK setting.
CALL
Internal - DOS 3.3 and above
Calls one batch program from another.
CALL [drive:][path]filename [batch-parameters]
batch-parameters Specifies any command-line information required by the
batch program.
CHCP
Internal - DOS 3.3 and above
Displays or sets the active code page number.
CHCP [nnn]
nnn Specifies a code page number.
Type CHCP without a parameter to display the active code page number.
CHDIR or CD
Internal - DOS 2.0 and above
Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
CHDIR [drive:][path]
CHDIR[..]
CD [drive:][path]
CD[..]
.. Specifies that you want to change to the parent directory.
Type CD drive: to display the current directory in the specified drive.
Type CD without parameters to display the current drive and directory.
CHKDSK
External - DOS 1.0 and above
Checks a disk and displays a status report.
CHKDSK [drive:][[path]filename] [/F] [/V]
[drive:][path] Specifies the drive and directory to check.
filename Specifies the file(s) to check for fragmentation.
/F Fixes errors on the disk.
/V Displays the full path and name of every file on the disk.
Type CHKDSK without parameters to check the current disk.
CHKDSK originated as an external command in 86-DOS.
CHOICE
External - DOS 6.0 and above
Waits for you to choose one of a set of choices.
CHOICE [/C[:]choices] [/N] [/S] [/T[:]c,nn] [text]
/C[:]choices Specifies allowable keys. Default is YN.
/N Does not display choices and ? at end of prompt string.
/S Treats choice keys as case sensitive.
/T[:]c,nn Defaults choice to c after <nn> seconds.
text Prompts string to display.
ERRORLEVEL is set to offset of key you press in choices.
COMMAND
External - DOS 1.0 and above
Starts a new copy of the DOS Command Interpreter.
COMMAND [[drive:]path] [device] [/E:nnnnn] [/P [/MSG]]
[/H] [/O] [/Y [/C command | /K command]]
[drive:]path Specifies the directory containing COMMAND.COM file.
device Specifies the device to use for command input and output.
/E:nnnnn Sets the initial environment size to nnnnn bytes.
/P Makes the new Command Interpreter permanent (can't exit).
/MSG Stores all error messages in memory (requires /P).
/H Loads the Command Interpreter into a UMB if available.
/O Disables overwrite prompt on COPY,XCOPY,and MOVE commands.
/Y Steps through the batch program specified by /C or /K.
/C command Executes the specified command and returns.
/K command Executes the specified command and continues running.
The /P and /MSG switches may be used only when COMMAND is started by using
the SHELL command in the CONFIG.SYS file.
COMP
External - DOS 1.0 and above
Compares the contents of two files or sets of files.
COMP [data1] [data2] [/D] [/A] [/L] [/N=number] [/C]
data1 Specifies location and name(s) of first file(s) to compare.
data2 Specifies location and name(s) of second files to compare.
/D Displays differences in decimal format. This is the default
setting.
/A Displays differences in ASCII characters.
/L Displays line numbers for differences.
/N=number Compares only the first specified number of lines in each file.
/C Disregards case of ASCII letters when comparing files.
To compare sets of files, use wildcards in data1 and data2 parameters.
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